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Escherichia coli

Escherichia coli

Interpretation notes:
- Abbreviation: ESBL denotes "extended-spectrum beta-lactamase"
- Non-susceptibility to colistin: Not tested until 2016/2017; Initially defined as growth in colistin 2 mg/L, subsequently in 1 mg/L from 2018/2019 onwards

Cattle

Year (September to August) Total Resistant phenotype No. of isolates
Carbapenem ESBL+ Ampicillin Amoxycillin-clavulanate Tetracycline Cotrimoxazole Nalidixic acid Ciprofloxacin Chloramphenicol Gentamicin Netilmicin Amikacin Nitrofurantoin Colistin
Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)*
No. NDM No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. %
2010 / 2011 96 0 0 52 54.2 53 55.2 - - 8 8.3 - - 48 50.0 - - 27 28.1 - - 35 36.5 - - 20 20.8 - - 13 13.5 - - 16 16.7 - - 3 3.1 - - 0 0.0 - - 2 2.1 - - - - - -
2011 / 2012 98 0 0 47 48.0 48 49.0 - - 7 7.1 - - 43 43.9 - - 29 29.6 - - 36 36.7 - - 14 14.3 - - 13 13.3 - - 16 16.3 - - 1 1.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 3 3.1 - - - - - -
2012 / 2013 110 0 0 64 58.2 74 67.3 - - 7 6.4 - - 62 56.4 - - 46 41.8 - - 43 39.1 - - 18 16.4 - - 17 15.5 - - 8 7.3 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 1 0.9 - - - - - -
2013 / 2014 127 0 0 77 60.6 82 64.6 - - 14 11.0 - - 62 48.8 - - 45 35.4 - - 54 42.5 - - 23 18.1 - - 14 11.0 - - 13 10.2 - - 3 2.4 - - 0 0.0 - - 13 10.2 - - - - - -
2014 / 2015 108 0 0 67 62.0 76 70.4 - - 25 23.1 - - 54 50.0 - - 43 39.8 - - 54 50.0 - - 22 20.4 - - 25 23.1 - - 8 7.4 - - 5 4.6 - - 3 2.8 - - 7 6.5 - - - - - -
2015 / 2016 137 0 0 95 69.3 101 73.7 - - 28 20.4 - - 79 57.7 - - 62 45.3 - - 80 58.4 - - 25 18.2 - - 23 16.8 - - 17 12.4 - - 9 6.6 - - 3 2.2 - - 8 5.8 - - - - - -
2016 / 2017 151 0 0 101 66.9 104 68.9 - - 30 19.9 - - 91 60.3 - - 71 47.0 - - 85 56.3 - - 48 31.8 - - 47 31.1 - - 34 22.5 - - 16 10.6 - - 1 0.7 - - 8 5.3 - - 3 2.0 - -
2017 / 2018 159 0 0 99 62.3 113 71.1 - - 27 17.0 - - 104 65.4 - - 69 43.4 - - 62 39.0 - - 30 18.9 - - 63 39.6 - - 47 29.6 - - 3 1.9 - - 0 0.0 - - 6 3.8 - - 0 0.0 - -
2018 / 2019 135 0 0 74 54.8 97 71.9 - - 25 18.5 - - 77 57.0 - - 42 31.1 - - 35 25.9 - - 13 9.6 - - 36 26.7 - - 12 8.9 - - 1 0.7 - - 0 0.0 - - 5 3.7 - - 1 0.7 - -
2019 / 2020 177 1 1 119 67.2 152 85.9 - - 32 18.1 - - 95 53.7 - - 65 36.7 - - 65 36.7 - - 32 18.1 - - 51 28.8 - - 28 15.8 - - 2 1.1 - - 1 0.6 - - 8 4.5 - - 0 0.0 - -
2020 / 2021 160 0 0 104 65.0 131 81.9 - - 43 26.9 - - 113 70.6 - - 78 48.8 - - 79 49.4 - - 76 47.5 - - 89 55.6 - - 46 28.8 - - 4 2.5 - - 0 0.0 - - 1 0.6 - - 0 0.0 - -
2021 / 2022 157 4 4 125 79.6 131 83.4 - - 38 24.2 - - 96 61.1 - - 79 50.3 - - 74 47.1 - - 110 70.1 - - 72 45.9 - - 41 26.1 - - 4 2.5 - - 0 0.0 - - 7 4.5 - - 0 0.0 - -
2022 / 2023 118 0 0 80 67.8 95 80.5 - - 38 32.2 - - 74 62.7 - - 61 51.7 - - 69 58.5 - - 69 58.5 - - 59 50.0 - - 40 33.9 - - - - - - 10 8.5 - - 3 2.5 - - 1 0.8 - -
2023 / 2024 149 2 2 102 68.5 125 83.9 - - 57 38.3 - - 104 69.8 - - 84 56.4 - - 94 63.1 - - 107 71.8 - - 88 59.1 - - 47 31.5 - - - - - - 35 23.5 - - 2 1.3 - - 0 0.0 - -
2024 / 2025 101 3 3 66 65.3 78 77.2 75 74.3 29 28.7 9 8.9 53 52.5 53 52.5 35 34.7 34 33.7 42 41.6 28 27.7 45 44.6 11 10.9 41 40.6 38 37.6 15 14.9 14 13.9 - - - - 21 20.8 0 0.0 2 2.0 1 1.0 8 7.9 8 7.9
Footnotes:
* Resistant only (R) count and percentage available from 2025 onwards.
Data refers to Escherichia coli isolates from animals in slaughterhouse in Hong Kong.
Specimens were obtained from animals in slaughterhouse in Hong Kong.

Pig

Year (September to August) Total Resistant phenotype No. of isolates
Carbapenem ESBL+ Ampicillin Amoxycillin-clavulanate Tetracycline Cotrimoxazole Nalidixic acid Ciprofloxacin Chloramphenicol Gentamicin Netilmicin Amikacin Nitrofurantoin Colistin
Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)*
No. NDM OXA-48 No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. %
2010 / 2011 185 0 0 0 108 58.4 154 83.2 - - 22 11.9 - - 162 87.6 - - 129 69.7 - - 137 74.1 - - 60 32.4 - - 121 65.4 - - 76 41.1 - - 38 20.5 - - 13 7.0 - - 28 15.1 - - - - - -
2011 / 2012 205 0 0 0 105 51.2 177 86.3 - - 45 22.0 - - 173 84.4 - - 151 73.7 - - 150 73.2 - - 68 33.2 - - 127 62.0 - - 72 35.1 - - 25 12.2 - - 13 6.3 - - 32 15.6 - - - - - -
2012 / 2013 239 0 0 0 138 57.7 204 85.4 - - 36 15.1 - - 212 88.7 - - 179 74.9 - - 187 78.2 - - 86 36.0 - - 166 69.5 - - 90 37.7 - - 26 10.9 - - 10 4.2 - - 36 15.1 - - - - - -
2013 / 2014 214 0 0 0 114 53.3 186 86.9 - - 56 26.2 - - 192 89.7 - - 152 71.0 - - 159 74.3 - - 77 36.0 - - 144 67.3 - - 68 31.8 - - 21 9.8 - - 12 5.6 - - 50 23.4 - - - - - -
2014 / 2015 224 0 0 0 123 54.9 194 86.6 - - 77 34.4 - - 192 85.7 - - 173 77.2 - - 176 78.6 - - 89 39.7 - - 158 70.5 - - 75 33.5 - - 33 14.7 - - 4 1.8 - - 57 25.4 - - - - - -
2015 / 2016 187 5 5 0 91 48.7 156 83.4 - - 63 33.7 - - 163 87.2 - - 131 70.1 - - 145 77.5 - - 71 38.0 - - 138 73.8 - - 61 32.6 - - 29 15.5 - - 5 2.7 - - 51 27.3 - - - - - -
2016 / 2017 217 1 1 0 119 54.8 187 86.2 - - 73 33.6 - - 196 90.3 - - 160 73.7 - - 170 78.3 - - 73 33.6 - - 141 65.0 - - 75 34.6 - - 40 18.4 - - 11 5.1 - - 65 30.0 - - 24 11.1 - -
2017 / 2018 281 14 14 0 167 59.4 254 90.4 - - 110 39.1 - - 266 94.7 - - 205 73.0 - - 205 73.0 - - 88 31.3 - - 218 77.6 - - 98 34.9 - - 22 7.8 - - 9 3.2 - - 74 26.3 - - 6 2.1 - -
2018 / 2019 241 7 7 0 114 47.3 219 90.9 - - 103 42.7 - - 227 94.2 - - 178 73.9 - - 159 66.0 - - 66 27.4 - - 167 69.3 - - 72 29.9 - - 14 5.8 - - 8 3.3 - - 20 8.3 - - 5 2.1 - -
2019 / 2020 308 23 19 4 148 48.1 295 95.8 - - 129 41.9 - - 293 95.1 - - 204 66.2 - - 201 65.3 - - 92 29.9 - - 240 77.9 - - 101 32.8 - - 23 7.5 - - 7 2.3 - - 21 6.8 - - 5 1.6 - -
2020 / 2021 258 21# 15 7 116 45.0 237 91.9 - - 89 34.5 - - 242 93.8 - - 172 66.7 - - 168 65.1 - - 131 50.8 - - 194 75.2 - - 93 36.0 - - 14 5.4 - - 5 1.9 - - 26 10.1 - - 3 1.2 - -
2021 / 2022 287 42 36 6 136 47.4 255 88.9 - - 130 45.3 - - 256 89.2 - - 179 62.4 - - 169 58.9 - - 167 58.2 - - 204 71.1 - - 96 33.4 - - 13 4.5 - - 8 2.8 - - 20 7.0 - - 4 1.4 - -
2022 / 2023 291 57 53 4 141 48.5 268 92.1 - - 127 43.6 - - 256 88.0 - - 186 63.9 - - 175 60.1 - - 165 56.7 - - 225 77.3 - - 78 26.8 - - - - - - 12 4.1 - - 22 7.6 - - 13 4.5 - -
2023 / 2024 290 63 58 5 151 52.1 261 90.0 - - 141 48.6 - - 263 90.7 - - 181 62.4 - - 183 63.1 - - 192 66.2 - - 238 82.1 - - 85 29.3 - - - - - - 33 11.4 - - 24 8.3 - - 8 2.8 - -
2024 / 2025 288 71# 65 7 152 52.8 270 93.8 269 93.4 119 41.3 69 24.0 252 87.5 252 87.5 187 64.9 187 64.9 209 72.6 153 53.1 169 58.7 87 30.2 236 81.9 227 78.8 107 37.2 104 36.1 - - - - 62 21.5 6 2.1 24 8.3 8 2.8 12 4.2 12 4.2
Footnotes:
* Resistant only (R) count and percentage available from 2025 onwards.
# One isolate exhibited both NDM and OXA-48 phenotype.
Data refers to Escherichia coli isolates from animals in slaughterhouse in Hong Kong.
Specimens were obtained from animals in slaughterhouse in Hong Kong.

Chicken

Year (September to August) Total Resistant phenotype No. of isolates
Carbapenem ESBL+ Ampicillin Amoxycillin-clavulanate Tetracycline Cotrimoxazole Nalidixic acid Ciprofloxacin Chloramphenicol Gentamicin Netilmicin Amikacin Nitrofurantoin Colistin
Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)*
No. NDM No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. %
2010 / 2011 265 0 0 219 82.6 239 90.2 - - 38 14.3 - - 242 91.3 - - 177 66.8 - - 252 95.1 - - 214 80.8 - - 109 41.1 - - 73 27.5 - - 8 3.0 - - 4 1.5 - - 39 14.7 - - - - - -
2011 / 2012 259 0 0 216 83.4 239 92.3 - - 64 24.7 - - 243 93.8 - - 197 76.1 - - 255 98.5 - - 191 73.7 - - 160 61.8 - - 112 43.2 - - 41 15.8 - - 18 6.9 - - 55 21.2 - - - - - -
2012 / 2013 295 0 0 245 83.1 263 89.2 - - 60 20.3 - - 251 85.1 - - 205 69.5 - - 265 89.8 - - 207 70.2 - - 186 63.1 - - 137 46.4 - - 77 26.1 - - 59 20.0 - - 42 14.2 - - - - - -
2013 / 2014 407 0 0 369 90.7 390 95.8 - - 95 23.3 - - 312 76.7 - - 217 53.3 - - 346 85.0 - - 261 64.1 - - 177 43.5 - - 175 43.0 - - 45 11.1 - - 10 2.5 - - 91 22.4 - - - - - -
2014 / 2015 346 0 0 321 92.8 335 96.8 - - 126 36.4 - - 308 89.0 - - 232 67.1 - - 311 89.9 - - 217 62.7 - - 132 38.2 - - 202 58.4 - - 76 22.0 - - 9 2.6 - - 96 27.7 - - - - - -
2015 / 2016 309 0 0 273 88.3 283 91.6 - - 89 28.8 - - 268 86.7 - - 204 66.0 - - 276 89.3 - - 151 48.9 - - 92 29.8 - - 182 58.9 - - 47 15.2 - - 0 0.0 - - 72 23.3 - - - - - -
2016 / 2017 258 0 0 225 87.2 232 89.9 - - 73 28.3 - - 181 70.2 - - 158 61.2 - - 202 78.3 - - 128 49.6 - - 111 43.0 - - 127 49.2 - - 31 12.0 - - 4 1.6 - - 99 38.4 - - 1 0.4 - -
2017 / 2018 206 0 0 159 77.2 173 84.0 - - 34 16.5 - - 155 75.2 - - 86 41.7 - - 174 84.5 - - 83 40.3 - - 98 47.6 - - 84 40.8 - - 16 7.8 - - 8 3.9 - - 48 23.3 - - 1 0.5 - -
2018 / 2019 303 4 4 236 77.9 286 94.4 - - 96 31.7 - - 243 80.2 - - 182 60.1 - - 253 83.5 - - 196 64.7 - - 224 73.9 - - 194 64.0 - - 87 28.7 - - 12 4.0 - - 40 13.2 - - 1 0.3 - -
2019 / 2020 351 0 0 312 88.9 329 93.7 - - 91 25.9 - - 254 72.4 - - 193 55.0 - - 239 68.1 - - 152 43.3 - - 204 58.1 - - 139 39.6 - - 30 8.5 - - 3 0.9 - - 90 25.6 - - 0 0.0 - -
2020 / 2021 343 4 4 303 88.3 328 95.6 - - 96 28.0 - - 257 74.9 - - 236 68.8 - - 264 77.0 - - 247 72.0 - - 235 68.5 - - 183 53.4 - - 41 12.0 - - 1 0.3 - - 75 21.9 - - 8 2.3 - -
2021 / 2022 293 20 20 244 83.3 276 94.2 - - 88 30.0 - - 216 73.7 - - 208 71.0 - - 242 82.6 - - 234 79.9 - - 229 78.2 - - 197 67.2 - - 52 17.7 - - 8 2.7 - - 51 17.4 - - 5 1.7 - -
2022 / 2023 366 0 0 330 90.2 357 97.5 - - 85 23.2 - - 301 82.2 - - 206 56.3 - - 309 84.4 - - 236 64.5 - - 323 88.3 - - 288 78.7 - - - - - - 35 9.6 - - 52 14.2 - - 15 4.1 - -
2023 / 2024 376 0 0 342 91.0 367 97.6 - - 183 48.7 - - 333 88.6 - - 236 62.8 - - 344 91.5 - - 342 91.0 - - 312 83.0 - - 330 87.8 - - - - - - 66 17.6 - - 90 23.9 - - 7 1.9 - -
2024 / 2025 363 6 6 317 87.3 347 95.6 345 95.0 90 24.8 31 8.5 290 79.9 289 79.6 246 67.8 242 66.7 342 94.2 325 89.5 321 88.4 276 76.0 306 84.3 293 80.7 304 83.7 301 82.9 - - - - 83 22.9 15 4.1 56 15.4 26 7.2 23 6.3 23 6.3
Footnotes:
* Resistant only (R) count and percentage available from 2025 onwards.
Data refers to Escherichia coli isolates from animals in wet markets in Hong Kong.
Specimens were obtained from animals in wet markets in Hong Kong.

Rodent

Year (September to August) Total Resistant phenotype No. of isolates
Carbapenem ESBL+ Ampicillin Amoxycillin-clavulanate Tetracycline Cotrimoxazole Nalidixic acid Ciprofloxacin Chloramphenicol Gentamicin Netilmicin Amikacin Nitrofurantoin Colistin
Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)*
No. No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. %
2010 / 2011 92 0 30 32.6 39 42.4 - - 5 5.4 - - 23 25.0 - - 17 18.5 - - 27 29.3 - - 14 15.2 - - 15 16.3 - - 13 14.1 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 4 4.3 - - - - - -
2011 / 2012 52 0 16 30.8 25 48.1 - - 4 7.7 - - 13 25.0 - - 7 13.5 - - 15 28.8 - - 0 0.0 - - 4 7.7 - - 2 3.8 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - - - - -
2012 / 2013 50 0 15 30.0 21 42.0 - - 4 8.0 - - 13 26.0 - - 10 20.0 - - 16 32.0 - - 8 16.0 - - 12 24.0 - - 5 10.0 - - 1 2.0 - - 1 2.0 - - 1 2.0 - - - - - -
2013 / 2014 42 0 22 52.4 27 64.3 - - 7 16.7 - - 16 38.1 - - 16 38.1 - - 16 38.1 - - 7 16.7 - - 11 26.2 - - 7 16.7 - - 3 7.1 - - 0 0.0 - - 5 11.9 - - - - - -
2014 / 2015 49 0 9 18.4 18 36.7 - - 4 8.2 - - 10 20.4 - - 9 18.4 - - 8 16.3 - - 4 8.2 - - 6 12.2 - - 2 4.1 - - 1 2.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 2 4.1 - - - - - -
2015 / 2016 54 0 27 50.0 30 55.6 - - 7 13.0 - - 24 44.4 - - 22 40.7 - - 28 51.9 - - 16 29.6 - - 16 29.6 - - 5 9.3 - - 2 3.7 - - 0 0.0 - - 4 7.4 - - - - - -
2016 / 2017 29 0 4 13.8 6 20.7 - - 3 10.3 - - 4 13.8 - - 5 17.2 - - 5 17.2 - - 3 10.3 - - 5 17.2 - - 4 13.8 - - 3 10.3 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - -
2017 / 2018 35 0 15 42.9 17 48.6 - - 9 25.7 - - 15 42.9 - - 11 31.4 - - 13 37.1 - - 10 28.6 - - 14 40.0 - - 7 20.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 2 5.7 - - 1 2.9 - -
2018 / 2019 13 0 6 46.2 6 46.2 - - 0 0.0 - - 6 46.2 - - 6 46.2 - - 7 53.8 - - 2 15.4 - - 1 7.7 - - 1 7.7 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 1 7.7 - - 0 0.0 - -
2019 / 2020 29 0 14 48.3 23 79.3 - - 9 31.0 - - 12 41.4 - - 9 31.0 - - 10 34.5 - - 6 20.7 - - 10 34.5 - - 2 6.9 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 1 3.4 - - 1 3.4 - -
2020 / 2021 26 0 17 65.4 18 69.2 - - 6 23.1 - - 16 61.5 - - 11 42.3 - - 16 61.5 - - 13 50.0 - - 14 53.8 - - 2 7.7 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 1 3.8 - - 0 0.0 - -
2021 / 2022 66 0 16 24.2 28 42.4 - - 13 19.7 - - 21 31.8 - - 9 13.6 - - 20 30.3 - - 16 24.2 - - 14 21.2 - - 4 6.1 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 2 3.0 - - 1 1.5 - -
2022 / 2023 60 1 13 21.7 30 50.0 - - 15 25.0 - - 27 45.0 - - 21 35.0 - - 18 30.0 - - 28 46.7 - - 22 36.7 - - 6 10.0 - - - - - - 5 8.3 - - 2 3.3 - - 0 0.0 - -
2023 / 2024 67 0 9 13.4 39 58.2 - - 7 10.4 - - 13 19.4 - - 8 11.9 - - 21 31.3 - - 11 16.4 - - 8 11.9 - - 6 9.0 - - - - - - 22 32.8 - - 6 9.0 - - 0 0.0 - -
2024 / 2025 106 2 25 23.6 54 50.9 34 32.1 11 10.4 4 3.8 30 28.3 30 28.3 24 22.6 24 22.6 39 36.8 26 24.5 25 23.6 8 7.5 21 19.8 16 15.1 8 7.5 4 3.8 - - - - 25 23.6 3 2.8 7 6.6 1 0.9 5 4.7 5 4.7
Footnotes:
* Resistant only (R) count and percentage available from 2025 onwards.
Data refers to Escherichia coli isolates from urban animals in Hong Kong.
Specimens were obtained from urban animals in Hong Kong.

Cat

Year (September to August) Total Resistant phenotype No. of isolates
Carbapenem ESBL+ Ampicillin Amoxycillin-clavulanate Tetracycline Cotrimoxazole Nalidixic acid Ciprofloxacin Chloramphenicol Gentamicin Netilmicin Amikacin Nitrofurantoin Colistin
Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)*
No. No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. %
2010 / 2011 181 0 15 8.3 36 19.9 - - 5 2.8 - - 44 24.3 - - 29 16.0 - - 38 21.0 - - 6 3.3 - - 10 5.5 - - 9 5.0 - - 4 2.2 - - 1 0.6 - - 0 0.0 - - - - - -
2011 / 2012 156 0 20 12.8 40 25.6 - - 7 4.5 - - 29 18.6 - - 20 12.8 - - 20 12.8 - - 10 6.4 - - 11 7.1 - - 11 7.1 - - 1 0.6 - - 0 0.0 - - 3 1.9 - - - - - -
2012 / 2013 140 0 15 10.7 32 22.9 - - 1 0.7 - - 24 17.1 - - 11 7.9 - - 19 13.6 - - 3 2.1 - - 10 7.1 - - 3 2.1 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - - - - -
2013 / 2014 175 0 14 8.0 49 28.0 - - 11 6.3 - - 37 21.1 - - 24 13.7 - - 26 14.9 - - 6 3.4 - - 24 13.7 - - 8 4.6 - - 6 3.4 - - 2 1.1 - - 5 2.9 - - - - - -
2014 / 2015 153 0 11 7.2 35 22.9 - - 10 6.5 - - 32 20.9 - - 13 8.5 - - 20 13.1 - - 6 3.9 - - 14 9.2 - - 7 4.6 - - 5 3.3 - - 0 0.0 - - 6 3.9 - - - - - -
2015 / 2016 163 0 23 14.1 50 30.7 - - 13 8.0 - - 45 27.6 - - 19 11.7 - - 30 18.4 - - 7 4.3 - - 13 8.0 - - 12 7.4 - - 9 5.5 - - 0 0.0 - - 4 2.5 - - - - - -
2016 / 2017 146 0 20 13.7 53 36.3 - - 14 9.6 - - 34 23.3 - - 24 16.4 - - 37 25.3 - - 13 8.9 - - 13 8.9 - - 21 14.4 - - 7 4.8 - - 2 1.4 - - 8 5.5 - - 1 0.7 - -
2017 / 2018 104 0 14 13.5 27 26.0 - - 10 9.6 - - 31 29.8 - - 15 14.4 - - 27 26.0 - - 3 2.9 - - 16 15.4 - - 9 8.7 - - 3 2.9 - - 2 1.9 - - 1 1.0 - - 0 0.0 - -
2018 / 2019 96 0 9 9.4 29 30.2 - - 7 7.3 - - 26 27.1 - - 17 17.7 - - 22 22.9 - - 4 4.2 - - 9 9.4 - - 2 2.1 - - 0 0.0 - - 1 1.0 - - 3 3.1 - - 2 2.1 - -
2019 / 2020 28 0 0 0.0 19 67.9 - - 1 3.6 - - 9 32.1 - - 5 17.9 - - 4 14.3 - - 1 3.6 - - 4 14.3 - - 2 7.1 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - -
2020 / 2021 3 0 0 0.0 1 33.3 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 1 33.3 - - 1 33.3 - - 0 0.0 - - 1 33.3 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - -
2021 / 2022 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
2022 / 2023 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
2023 / 2024 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
2024 / 2025 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Footnotes:
* Resistant only (R) count and percentage available from 2025 onwards.
Data refers to Escherichia coli isolates from stray animals in Hong Kong.
Specimens were obtained from stray animals in Hong Kong.

Dog

Year (September to August) Total Resistant phenotype No. of isolates
Carbapenem ESBL+ Ampicillin Amoxycillin-clavulanate Tetracycline Cotrimoxazole Nalidixic acid Ciprofloxacin Chloramphenicol Gentamicin Netilmicin Amikacin Nitrofurantoin Colistin
Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)* Intermediate + Resistant (I+R) Resistant Only (R)*
No. No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. %
2010 / 2011 196 0 48 24.5 70 35.7 - - 11 5.6 - - 59 30.1 - - 32 16.3 - - 48 24.5 - - 17 8.7 - - 25 12.8 - - 26 13.3 - - 10 5.1 - - 6 3.1 - - 6 3.1 - - - - - -
2011 / 2012 171 0 38 22.2 72 42.1 - - 13 7.6 - - 64 37.4 - - 37 21.6 - - 55 32.2 - - 34 19.9 - - 24 14.0 - - 21 12.3 - - 2 1.2 - - 0 0.0 - - 4 2.3 - - - - - -
2012 / 2013 272 0 57 21.0 101 37.1 - - 17 6.3 - - 97 35.7 - - 68 25.0 - - 86 31.6 - - 30 11.0 - - 46 16.9 - - 30 11.0 - - 7 2.6 - - 2 0.7 - - 9 3.3 - - - - - -
2013 / 2014 196 0 42 21.4 83 42.3 - - 10 5.1 - - 61 31.1 - - 36 18.4 - - 61 31.1 - - 6 3.1 - - 22 11.2 - - 22 11.2 - - 1 0.5 - - 0 0.0 - - 3 1.5 - - - - - -
2014 / 2015 166 0 33 19.9 67 40.4 - - 15 9.0 - - 55 33.1 - - 37 22.3 - - 43 25.9 - - 14 8.4 - - 23 13.9 - - 26 15.7 - - 7 4.2 - - 1 0.6 - - 6 3.6 - - - - - -
2015 / 2016 186 0 52 28.0 87 46.8 - - 30 16.1 - - 62 33.3 - - 42 22.6 - - 52 28.0 - - 24 12.9 - - 27 14.5 - - 27 14.5 - - 15 8.1 - - 4 2.2 - - 7 3.8 - - - - - -
2016 / 2017 201 0 63 31.3 96 47.8 - - 46 22.9 - - 66 32.8 - - 55 27.4 - - 77 38.3 - - 18 9.0 - - 40 19.9 - - 36 17.9 - - 13 6.5 - - 3 1.5 - - 6 3.0 - - 7 3.5 - -
2017 / 2018 184 0 34 18.5 59 32.1 - - 26 14.1 - - 60 32.6 - - 30 16.3 - - 48 26.1 - - 16 8.7 - - 23 12.5 - - 17 9.2 - - 2 1.1 - - 1 0.5 - - 2 1.1 - - 2 1.1 - -
2018 / 2019 136 0 28 20.6 56 41.2 - - 24 17.6 - - 47 34.6 - - 35 25.7 - - 34 25.0 - - 8 5.9 - - 19 14.0 - - 9 6.6 - - 1 0.7 - - 0 0.0 - - 6 4.4 - - 2 1.5 - -
2019 / 2020 64 0 26 40.6 48 75.0 - - 14 21.9 - - 31 48.4 - - 23 35.9 - - 22 34.4 - - 17 26.6 - - 22 34.4 - - 10 15.6 - - 4 6.3 - - 0 0.0 - - 3 4.7 - - 0 0.0 - -
2020 / 2021 9 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - - 0 0.0 - -
2021 / 2022 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
2022 / 2023 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
2023 / 2024 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
2024 / 2025 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Footnotes:
* Resistant only (R) count and percentage available from 2025 onwards.
Data refers to Escherichia coli isolates from stray animals in Hong Kong.
Specimens were obtained from stray animals in Hong Kong.